Compass.



.L A. HOWEx COMPASS.

APPLicATloN man 11,111.21. 1914.

Patented 11pm 209%115.

Macnee.

vto Fig..

W I Millard JAMES A. HOW'E, OLTIROCHESTER, NEW Y COMPANIES, 0F ROCHESTER, NEW Y Specication of Letters Patent.

DIRK, ASSIGNOR TO TAYLOR INSTRUll/IENT. CBK, .it CORPORATION OF NEW' YORK.

PASS.

Patented npr., 20, 1915.

Applicationv filed March 2l, 19E/ia Serial No. 826,190.

To d? yliv/10m 'it muy cou eem.

lle it known that I, Janus A.. Horan, o' Rochester, in the county ot' Monroe and State oi New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Compasses; and I do hereby declare the followingl to be a full, clear, and exact description of the saine, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specilication, and to the reference characters marked thereon.

My invention has for its object to improve and simplify the construction of pocket co1npasses by all'ordingz; a structure embodying a minimum number of parts, which can be n'i'anufactured at comparatively very lowcost.

A further purpose of the invention to provide a device that can he so economically manufactured as to permit it to be sold at a reasonably low price.. and at the saine time one that is characterized by high class worls manship and accurate and reliable results.

Another object ol the invention is toenable the several parts of the device to he iminut'actured with a minimum number of operations7 and to make it possible lor said parts to he readily assembled, without requiring great experience or'unusual care in the assembling, while affording a finished article that possesses all the Qualifications ot' a. high priced inrarurnent` and which will not be seriously affected by rough ivorli or care-- less usage.

To these and other ends the invention con sista iu certain improvements and combina tions oi parts all as will be hereina ltcr more l'ully described, the novel tentures being pointed out in the claims at the end ol .the specification. v

ln `he drawings: "Figari-e .i is, a` plan view of a pocket compass coustriufted in accordance with my present inuneo'emcnts; Fin". 2 is a vertical sectional view taken centrally ol' Fig". l; Fig. El is a sectional `view similar 2. and showing the needle support elevated oil' its bearing'. and Fie. i is an en-v larged sectional view taken centrally through the head ol' the casing.

Similar relereuiax numerals in the several views indicate the same parts.

.lly invention' is not limited in its .application to the specific structure shown he 'in or to compass eonf-triu-tions. since it positief-ases certain meritorious features which are sus ceptihle of application to other devices such as watches, as Well as articles of a similar nature, and in the present embodiment I have shownan example of a method of carrying; out the features of my invention as applied to a compass embodying an outer casing` il which may be stamped in the shape shown from an integral sheet of metal, The outer 'rising fr is curved or rounded in subsantially the manner shown, and has an opening in one face surrounded by an inwardly directed edge (t for a purpose that yvill appear presently. Arranged within the outer casing A' is an inner casing B which .ni-av also be stamped `from a single integral sheet of metal and embodies a bottom Z) and an outwardly directed lip or flange .71 at its l'ree edge terminating in a reversely or 1nwar( 3 bent portion engage a crystal C.

ln assenibli.igy the partathe crystal C is first snapped or forced into the inner casina l. being held upon the lip o by its en" nient with the portion 01. rEhe inner ca which adapted to il l then forced into the opening); of the outer casinlgy A until the edge of the latter .ngjages the lower 'face ot' the lip or flange o. The inner casing; lits tightly within the outer casing;` so that it is held eliiectirely against movement, due to fric-tional. engagement and the resiliency of the enter casing'. in addition to holding the inner cas ing in position. the outer casiiig-A- also serres an additional function by contracting upper edite of the inner casing to a gr er oi degi e, and tl J holding: the crystal more rigidly in po ition.

`he bottoni el the inner casingv is prof `vided with a hearing for the needle support, and in the present instance, this is aeconr plished by providing an opening` in the bottom ol the casing to receive a bushingN l). The bushingr is bored centrally to receive a metallic pin or needle IZ which is driven in, and held preferably by frictional engagement. and li have found that for the purposes ol the structure described, the ordinary steel needle such as employed in sound reprodueingr machines can he successfully used tor this purpose, and as these eau be purchased in large quantities at a. very low cost it reduces considerably the expense of the instrument. it is only necessary to drive the needle into the bushing a certain distance, and then cut oll` the surplus of the base portion of the needle proj ecting beyond the dial, bearings, and bushing are all positioned within the inner casing before; the latter is secured in the outer casing.

' F designates the needle which is mounted on a suitable needle support provided with a jewel f for engagement withV the bearing el. lVhen the device is not in use, it is desirable tolift the needle support away from the bearing, 'and to this end I employ a lever g having one end provided with anopening which receives'the bearing d, said inner end 'being adapted to engage the base of the needle support f in the manner shown in Fig. The opposite end of the lever g exu tends through an opening g in the inner casing, and is provided with an angular extremity bent upon itself, as indicated at g and arranged' to be engaged by suitable operating means carried by the head of the casing, and will new be described.

The head is designated at H, being suitably attached within an opening formed in the louter casing, and is interiorly threaded to receive the threaded portion h of the stem h. The inner end of the stem z. is arranged to contact with' the end g2 of the lever g, and when the stem is moved inwardly by turning the knurled portion h2, it operates the lever g, moving. its innermost end upwardly, and raising the needle support from its bearing, as shown in Fig. 3. The reverse movement of the stem returns the parts to the position shown .in Fig. 2. It is desirable to limit the movement of the stem It in either direction, and in order to accomplish this in a convenient and simple manner I provide a reduced portion ha on the stem and arrange a pin or plug h4 removably in a recess in the head so as to engage the reduced portion of the stem, as shown clearly in Fig. 4. The pin It* is held in position by any suitable means and in a preferred. embodiment, I accomplish this by the usual swivel or springring designated at h", which is adapted to be snapped into position in recesses in the head, and engages against the pin lf3", securely locking it against removal.

` YWith thestructure described, l provide an arrangement. that is extremely simple to manufacture and involves no expensive operations in the production of the parts. Furthermore the parts of the instrument can be separately manufactured, and assembled into the finished article without much dilliculty.-

. I claim as my invention:

l. The combination with an outer casing formed or' an integral piece of metal and having an opening therein, of an inner casing'engaged and held by the free edge surrounding the opening in the outer casing, the' inner casing being otherwise arranged in spaced relation to the outer casing, and a flange or lip formed at the free edge of the inner casing and engaging the outer casing on one side and a crystal on the other side.

2. .The combination with an outer casing, ol an inner casing engaged near its free edge by the edge ol" the outer casing and held frictionally therein, and means formed on the free edge of the inner casing cooperating with a crystal to support the same.

3. The combination with an outer casin formed of an integral piece of metal and terminating in a continuous inwardly projecting edge, of an inner casing arranged within the outer casing and held solely by the frictional'engagement of the inwardly projecting edge'of the outer casing, the lat- I ter having continuous engagement with the outer surface of the inner casing.

v 4f. The combination with an outer casing formed of an integral piece of sheet metal terminating in an inwardly projecting edge, of an inner casing held frictionally within the outer casing, the inner casing having a continuous outwardly lbent flange formed adjacent its edge for holding a crystal, the said edge of the outer casing having con' tinuous engagement with the outside of thc inner casing adjacent to the aforementioned flange and serving as the sole means for holding the inner casing therein.

JAMES A. HOVE. litnesses'z Hnnnnn'r J'. VVINN, C. A. Haan. 

